Between 1961 and 1973 Turkish migrants were recruited as guest-workers in Germany, becoming West Germany's largest ethnic minority. This transnational history explores their experiences, emphasizing German racism and the estrangement faced by those who remigrated in the following decades, and reveals how many came to feel foreign in two homelands
This is a study of the nature of Ottoman administration under Sultan Abdulhamid and the effects of this on the three provinces that were to form the modern state of Iraq. The author provides a general commentary on the late Ottoman provincial administration and a comprehensive picture of the nature of its interaction with provincial society. In drawing on sources of the Ottoman archives, bringi…