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Open Educational Resources: Policy, Costs and Transformation
The Open Educational Resources (OER) movement has grown substantially since the term was first adopted at UNESCO’s 2002 Forum on the Impact of Open Courseware for Higher Education in Developing Countries (UNESCO, 2002). Since then, there has been a significant increase in the development, use and sharing of OER as more and more governments and institutions come to realise their value. OER can been defined as teaching and learning resources in any medium, digital or otherwise, that permit no-cost access, use, reuse and repurposing by others with no or limited restrictions (Cape Town Declaration, 2007; UNESCO, 2012; Creative Commons, n.d. a; William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, n.d.).
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